追溯(su)歷史(shi)的(de)(de)話，勞務派(pai)遣(qian)(qian)約(yue)起(qi)源于 1920 年，Samuel  Workman 在這個時候創造一個當時全新(xin)的(de)(de)勞動服(fu)務模(mo)式，即租賃支援服(fu)務（rented help service），具體來(lai)說，就是雇傭一批已婚婦女，主要在夜間處理(li)盤點工(gong)作，并且(qie)對(dui)這些婦女進行計算機的(de)(de)操作訓練(lian)，這些具備一定(ding)技能的(de)(de)婦女可以(yi)滿足一些企業的(de)(de)臨(lin)時性(xing)用工(gong)需求，Samuel Workman 創造的(de)(de)這種用工(gong)模(mo)式在本質上是一種契約(yue)用工(gong)（contract  labor），此后經(jing)過不斷的(de)(de)發展逐漸(jian)演變(bian)成今天的(de)(de)勞務派(pai)遣(qian)(qian)，進而在美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)、法國(guo)(guo)(guo)、英國(guo)(guo)(guo)、比利(li)時、挪(nuo)威等國(guo)(guo)(guo)都逐漸(jian)普(pu)遍起(qi)來(lai)，西方國(guo)(guo)(guo)家目前只有希臘對(dui)勞務派(pai)遣(qian)(qian)采取了較(jiao)為謹慎的(de)(de)態度。

在(zai)亞洲國(guo)家(jia)，日(ri)本從(cong) 20 世紀 60 年(nian)代(dai)初開(kai)始采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種用(yong)工模(mo)式(shi)，之后在(zai)韓國(guo)、新(xin)加坡、中國(guo)臺灣等(deng)地也逐(zhu)漸興起，中國(guo)從(cong) 1978 年(nian)開(kai)始改革開(kai)放(fang)，引進外(wai)資之后也有(you)了勞務派遣的萌(meng)芽(ya)，并不(bu)斷發展。

可(ke)以說，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)在(zai)一定(ding)(ding)程度上(shang)還是(shi)一個(ge)較為(wei)全新(xin)的(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)物(wu)，這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)至今學(xue)術理論界(jie)和勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)行業(ye)對(dui)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)相關稱(cheng)謂(wei)及定(ding)(ding)義存在(zai)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)的(de)(de)原(yuan)因(yin)。比如在(zai)我國官(guan)方的(de)(de)人(ren)力資源與社會保障部門(men)一般稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)“勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”或(huo)“勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)力派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”，而(er)在(zai)很多(duo)(duo)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)用人(ren)部門(men)一般稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)“人(ren)才(cai)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”或(huo)者(zhe)“人(ren)才(cai)租賃(lin)”。事(shi)(shi)實(shi)上(shang)，國外對(dui)此(ci)也(ye)存在(zai)很多(duo)(duo)紛繁復(fu)雜的(de)(de)稱(cheng)謂(wei)，如美(mei)國的(de)(de)“暫時性(xing)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)提供(gong)”（Temporary help supply）、“及時解雇”(just in time)、“非典型勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)”(Atypicalemployment)、“員(yuan)(yuan)工租賃(lin)”（employee leasing）、“代(dai)理勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)” (Agent work)等(deng)等(deng)；歐洲的(de)(de)“臨時勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)”（temporary work）；中國臺灣的(de)(de)“勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”（dispatched employment）等(deng)。在(zai)此(ci)本文(wen)采用“勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”這(zhe)一稱(cheng)謂(wei)，事(shi)(shi)實(shi)上(shang)，這(zhe)些眾多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)稱(cheng)謂(wei)也(ye)使得對(dui)于勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)概(gai)念界(jie)定(ding)(ding)呈現多(duo)(duo)元化的(de)(de)局(ju)面，就其概(gai)念而(er)言，我國學(xue)者(zhe)郭綱（2004）的(de)(de)界(jie)定(ding)(ding)較有代(dai)表性(xing)，他認為(wei)所謂(wei)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)指(zhi)的(de)(de)是(shi)具備法人(ren)資格的(de)(de)中介(jie)組(zu)織或(huo)者(zhe)其他經濟(ji)(ji)實(shi)體按照相關的(de)(de)法律法規招(zhao)聘員(yuan)(yuan)工之(zhi)后，將(jiang)所招(zhao)聘的(de)(de)員(yuan)(yuan)工派(pai)(pai)(pai)(pai)往其他用人(ren)單位(wei)從事(shi)(shi)暫時性(xing)、臨時性(xing)或(huo)者(zhe)階段性(xing)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)一種經濟(ji)(ji)行為(wei)。

由此可(ke)見(jian)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)作(zuo)為(wei)一種新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)模(mo)式，與(yu)(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)式有明(ming)(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點就是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)與(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)相分離(li)，表現為(wei)被派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)者與(yu)(yu)(yu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)但無用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)但無勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)。2008年(nian) 1 月 1 日起施(shi)行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民共和國勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同法》第(di)二節第(di)五十七(qi)條(tiao)至(zhi)第(di)七(qi)十一條(tiao)專(zhuan)門對勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)問題進行了明(ming)(ming)確規定(ding)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)第(di)五十九(jiu)條(tiao)明(ming)(ming)確規定(ding)：“勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)者應當(dang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)接受(shou)以勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)形(xing)式用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)（以下稱用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)）訂立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)協(xie)議。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)協(xie)議應當(dang)約定(ding)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)崗位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和人(ren)員數(shu)量(liang)、派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)、勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)報酬和社會保險(xian)費的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)額與(yu)(yu)(yu)支付方(fang)(fang)式以及違反協(xie)議的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)責任(ren)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應當(dang)根據工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)崗位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實際需要(yao)與(yu)(yu)(yu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)確定(ding)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)，不得(de)將連續(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)限(xian)分割訂立數(shu)個短期(qi)(qi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)協(xie)議。”可(ke)見(jian)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之間為(wei)民事法律(lv)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，簽訂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)協(xie)議為(wei)民事合同，用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)以在(zai)協(xie)商一致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)協(xie)議，無需符合勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同法規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件。這也是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)務(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)派(pai)(pai)(pai)遣(qian)最為(wei)本(ben)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)(fang)所(suo)在(zai)。